Effect of black pepper essential oils and orange peel terpenes on the inhibition of Lactobacillus plantarum and the inhibition of L. plantarum yit0068 bacteriophage proliferation. C. Jose1, N. Jose2, C. Hicks*2, and I. Surjawan2,

Phage-peptides were prepared from L. lactis ssp. lactis ml3 and L. plantarum yit0068 bacteriophage using a ficin hydrolysis. The ml3 and yit0068 peptides were compared to L. lactis ssp. lactis c2 bacteriophage peptides to determine growth inhibition of C2 host and inhibition of both ml3 and c2 bacteriophage. M17 with .011 mM CaCl2 media with and without phage peptides (2 or 2.5%) were heat treated, cooled to 22◦C, inoculated with C2 host, and infected with ml3 or c2 bacteriophage at 0, 102, 104, 106, or 108 pfu/mL. Culture growth and lysis were monitored spectrophotometrically (λ600nm) for 6.5 h. Growth of C2 culture in ml3 or yit0068 peptide media was dramatically slower and cell density was lower at the stationary phase than when the culture was grown in a medium without peptides. Growth time to the stationary phase was essentially the same for media with and without peptides added. C2 culture grown c2 peptide medium was not significantly inhibited. When C2 culture was grown in medium containing ml3 or yit0068 peptide there was little inhibition of ml3 bacteriophage proliferation. When the medium contained c2 peptide the ml3 bacteriophage proliferation could be partially inhibited. When C2 host was grown in media containing ml3 peptide and infected with c2 bacteriophage only a slight inhibition of bacteriophage proliferation occurred. However, c2 bacteriophage proliferation was inhibited when C2 host was grown in media containing yit0068 or c2 peptide. Culture growth (C2) was extended by 20 and 50 min before the culture started to lyse when infection levels were 1 x 108 pfu/mL and 1 x 104 pfu/mL, respectively. Lysis did not occur when C2 culture was grown in media containing c2 or yit0068 peptide and infected with 1 x 102 pfu/mL of c2 bacteriophage. These data suggest that the best growth medium and phage inhibitory medium was the medium that contained the c2 bacteriophage peptide.